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Guru Granth Sahib contains hymns of 36 composers written in 22 languages, employing a phonetically perfected Gurmukhi script. The fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjun, who compiled the first version, composed 2,216 of the 5,894 hymns. Besides the hymns of other Gurus, he also included 937 hymns of 15 saints as well as 11poet laureates of the Guru’s court. Hindus, Muslims, Brahmins, ‘untouchables’, all come together in one congregation to create a truly universal scripture.
Sikhs, and non-Sikhs, revere the Holy Granth as their Eternal Guru. It is a treasure of interfaith communion and is a noble heritage for all of humankind. The Holy Granth was leavened with expressions from Sanskrit, Prakrit, Rajasthani, Persian, Arabic, Bengali and Marathi. Music forms the basis of the rhythms and classification of the hymns using Indian ragas.
This form is used not only to preserve the originality of the composition but also to provide a divine experience through the medium of music and the sounds of God’s creation. The gurus themselves created some of the 31ragas used. Several hymns use popular folklore and meters.
The Holy Granth verses are often sung as kirtan to reveal true meaning directly through cosmic vibrations. The Guru Granth Sahib’s verses make the universe speak to our mind in metaphoric images. The sound currents keep the mind focused, heal the body and cleanse inner thoughts. Congregational chanting generates mass spiritual energy and ordinary words metamorphose into the logos to become auspicious.
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