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Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a medication belonging to the benzodiazepine class. It is primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, and certain seizure disorders. This summary aims to provide an in-depth understanding of lorazepam, including its pharmacology, medical uses, dosage, side effects, and precautions.
Lorazepam exerts its therapeutic effects primarily by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). By binding to specific sites on the GABA-A receptors, lorazepam potentiates the inhibitory actions of GABA, resulting in anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects.

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